Taxonomy and ribosomal DNA-based phylogeny of the Electra crustulenta species group (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) with revision of Borg's varieties and description of Electra moskvikvendi sp nov from the Western Baltic Sea.

Nikulina, E. A. (2008) Taxonomy and ribosomal DNA-based phylogeny of the Electra crustulenta species group (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) with revision of Borg's varieties and description of Electra moskvikvendi sp nov from the Western Baltic Sea. Organisms Diversity & Evolution, 8 (3). pp. 215-229. DOI 10.1016/j.ode.2007.10.001.

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Abstract

In 193 1, Borg distinguished five "varieties" as morphologically differing from what lie perceived as the 'typical form' of Electra crustulenta (Pallas, 1766). Taxonomic Status has not been resolved For all of those morphotypes. One of them was recently recognized as a separate species', E arctica; two are considered as species in other genera. In the present Study the remaining three of Borg's Subdivisions, "forma typica", "var. baltica" and "var.fossaria", were analyzed to evaluate their status and reconstruct phylogenetic relationships within the whole species group based on ribosomal I 6S mtDNA and 18S nDNA. All known E cruslulenta-like species and 1701-111S With Unresolved status were included: E crusadenta (including "f. typica", "var. baltica" and "var-. fossaria"), E. aretica, E korobokkura, and Electra moskvikvendi sp. nov. A well -supported phylogeny fully concordant for both genetic markers was obtained with maximum parsimony, neighbor-joining, maximurn likelihood, and Bayesian methods. Statistical parsimony was applied to the 16S dataset. Only four species were revealed regardless of the method or gene Fragment., with E. crustulenta as a single species. There was no evident correlation between the morphotypes "f typica", "var. ballica" and "var.fossaria" and haplogrOUPS found in E. crustulenta populations. The E. crustulenta species group consisted of two Subgroups: E crustulenta-E. korobokkura and E moskvikvendi-E-. arclica. Divergence of the mitochondrial lineages within the group was dated using a Bayesian relaxed-clock approach. Most probably the diversification or the lineages examined started in the Early Miocene. Electra arelica and E. moskovikvendi sp. nov. are two Young Species, having diverged during the Pliocene-Pleistocene. The new species described here was round ill Hie Western Baltic Sea, Klel Bay. An identification key For the E crusudento species group) is given, based oil morphology, morphometry, and geographical and ecological ranges. Additionally, reference sequences of I 6S and 18S DNA for each species, which call be used for DNA-based barcoding, have been published. (C) 2008 Gesellschaft fur Biologische Systematik. Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Document Type: Article
Keywords: Bryozoan evolution New species Molecular clocks Biogeography Baltic Sea fauna mitochondrial-dna sequence data fundy region late miocene speciation evolution phylogeography polyzoa model basin
Research affiliation: Kiel University
Refereed: No
Date Deposited: 12 Jan 2012 05:55
Last Modified: 09 Oct 2012 03:56
URI: https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/15865

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