Metabolically active microbial communities in marine sediment under high-CO2 and low-pH extremes.

Yanagawa, Katsunori, Morono, Yuki, de Beer, Dirk, Haeckel, Matthias , Sunamura, Michinari, Futagami, Taiki, Hoshino, Tatsuhiko, Terada, Takeshi, Nakamura, Ko-ichi, Urabe, Tetsuro, Rehder, Gregor, Boetius, Antje and Inagaki, Fumio (2013) Metabolically active microbial communities in marine sediment under high-CO2 and low-pH extremes. Open Access The ISME Journal, 7 . pp. 555-567. DOI 10.1038/ismej.2012.124.

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Supplementary data:

Abstract

Sediment-hosting hydrothermal systems in the Okinawa Trough maintain a large amount of liquid, supercritical and hydrate phases of CO2 in the seabed. The emission of CO2 may critically impact the geochemical, geophysical and ecological characteristics of the deep-sea sedimentary environment. So far it remains unclear whether microbial communities that have been detected in such high-CO2 and low-pH habitats are metabolically active, and if so, what the biogeochemical and ecological consequences for the environment are. In this study, RNA-based molecular approaches and radioactive tracer-based respiration rate assays were combined to study the density, diversity and metabolic activity of microbial communities in CO2-seep sediment at the Yonaguni Knoll IV hydrothermal field of the southern Okinawa Trough. In general, the number of microbes decreased sharply with increasing sediment depth and CO2 concentration. Phylogenetic analyses of community structure using reverse-transcribed 16S ribosomal RNA showed that the active microbial community became less diverse with increasing sediment depth and CO2 concentration, indicating that microbial activity and community structure are sensitive to CO2 venting. Analyses of RNA-based pyrosequences and catalyzed reporter deposition-fluorescence in situ hybridization data revealed that members of the SEEP-SRB2 group within the Deltaproteobacteria and anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME-2a and -2c) were confined to the top seafloor, and active archaea were not detected in deeper sediments (13–30 cm in depth) characterized by high CO2. Measurement of the potential sulfate reduction rate at pH conditions of 3–9 with and without methane in the headspace indicated that acidophilic sulfate reduction possibly occurs in the presence of methane, even at very low pH of 3. These results suggest that some members of the anaerobic methanotrophs and sulfate reducers can adapt to the CO2-seep sedimentary environment; however, CO2 and pH in the deep-sea sediment were found to severely impact the activity and structure of the microbial community.

Document Type: Article
Additional Information: WOS:000316726400012
Keywords: Marine geosystems; CO2 seep; low pH; anaerobic oxidation of methane; acidophilic sulfate reduction; geomicrobiology; microbial contributions to geochemical cycles; SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; SOUTHERN OKINAWA TROUGH; IV HYDROTHERMAL FIELD; COLD SEEP SEDIMENTS; MOSBY MUD VOLCANO; ANAEROBIC OXIDATION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; DEEP-SEA; GUAYMAS BASIN; SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTS
Research affiliation: IOW
OceanRep > GEOMAR > FB2 Marine Biogeochemistry > FB2-MG Marine Geosystems
HGF-AWI
Refereed: Yes
Open Access Journal?: Yes
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
Projects: TAIGA, ECO2, Future Ocean
Expeditions/Models/Experiments:
Date Deposited: 29 Nov 2012 13:16
Last Modified: 23 Sep 2019 23:43
URI: https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/19403

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