Increased potential for wound activated production of Prostaglandin E2 and related toxic compounds in non-native populations of Gracilaria vermiculophylla.

Hammann, Mareike, Rempt, Martin, Pohnert, Georg, Wang, Gaoge, Boo, Sung Min and Weinberger, Florian (2016) Increased potential for wound activated production of Prostaglandin E2 and related toxic compounds in non-native populations of Gracilaria vermiculophylla. Harmful Algae, 51 . pp. 81-88. DOI 10.1016/j.hal.2015.11.009.

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Supplementary data:

Abstract

Highlights:
• Wound activated prostaglandin production was quantified in Gracilaria vermiculophylla.
• Specimens from non-native populations contained higher prostaglandin concentrations.
• Prostaglandins and related compounds deter animal consumers.
• Activated defense through Prostaglandins was selected during Gracilaria's invasion history.
• As a consequence specimens from invasive populations are not safe for human consumption.

Abstract:
The capacity of the East Asian seaweed Gracilaria vermiculophylla (“Ogonori”) for production of prostaglandin E2 from arachidonic acid occasionally causes food poisoning after ingestion. During the last two decades the alga has been introduced to Europe and North America. Non-native populations have been shown to be generally less palatable to marine herbivores than native populations. We hypothesized that the difference in palatability among populations could be due to differences in the algal content of prostaglandins. We therefore compared the capacity for wound-activated production of prostaglandins and other eicosatetraenoid oxylipins among five native populations in East Asia and seven non-native populations in Europe and NW Mexico, using a targeted metabolomics approach. In two independent experiments non-native populations exhibited a significant tendency to produce more eicosatetraenoids than native populations after acclimation to identical conditions and subsequent artificial wounding. Fourteen out of 15 eicosatetraenoids that were detected in experiment I and all 19 eicosatetraenoids that were detected in experiment II reached higher mean concentrations in non-native than in native specimens. Wounding of non-native specimens resulted on average in 390% more 15-keto-PGE2, in 90% more PGE2, in 37% more PGA2 and in 96% more 7,8-di-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid than wounding of native specimens. Not only PGE2, but also PGA2 and dihydroxylated eicosatetraenoic acid are known to deter various biological enemies of G. vermiculophylla that cause tissue or cell wounding, and in the present study the latter two compounds also repelled the mesograzer Littorina brevicula. Non-native populations of G. vermiculophylla are thus more defended against herbivory than native populations. This increased capacity for activated chemical defense may have contributed to their invasion success and at the same time it poses an elevated risk for human food safety.

Document Type: Article
Additional Information: WOS:000369206300008
Keywords: Gracilaria; Metabolomics; Ogonori; Oxylipin; Prostaglandin; Seaweed invasion
Research affiliation: OceanRep > GEOMAR > FB3 Marine Ecology > FB3-EOE-B Experimental Ecology - Benthic Ecology
Refereed: Yes
Open Access Journal?: No
Publisher: Elsevier
Date Deposited: 14 Dec 2015 09:51
Last Modified: 01 Feb 2019 15:11
URI: https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/30520

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