Soil compaction-induced changes of physicochemical properties of cereal roots.

Szatanik-Kloc, Alicja, Horn, Rainer, Lipiec, Jerzy, Siczek, Anna and Szerement, Justyna (2018) Soil compaction-induced changes of physicochemical properties of cereal roots. Soil and Tillage Research, 175 . pp. 226-233. DOI 10.1016/j.still.2017.08.016.

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Supplementary data:

Abstract

It is well known, that soil particle surface properties like cation exchange capacity, surface area, and charge density affect ion-exchange reactions in the root zone. However, the exchange processes at the root surface itself also depend on these properties: cation exchange capacity, surface area, which will be determined in this paper for the roots of young wheat, barley, rye, triticale, and maize plants. Undisturbed samples from a Haplic Luvisol developed from loess were taken at 5–10 cm depth from an “normally compacted” core part of the crop field (Ref.) (bulk density 1.29 ± 0.06 Mg m−3) and from a “compacted” (C) (bulk density 1.61 ± 0.05 Mg m−3) part in the headland. Plants were grown in these soil cores for 11 days in a growth chamber. The negative surface charge of the roots and apparent surface dissociation constants were determined based on potentiometric titration in pH between 3 and 10. The surface charges at pH = 7 and pH = 10 were taken as the root cation exchange capacity (CEC) and total negative surface charge (Qtot), respectively. The differences between the adsorption-desorption data were used to estimate the total apparent surface area (S). The Qtot and S were used to calculate the surface charge density (SCD). Root lengths were determined using WinRHIZO 2007 program. Irrespective of plant species, an increase in the compaction level resulted in an increase in weakly acidic groups and in the total apparent surface area (by 10–25%). On the other hand, strongly acidic groups decreased, as well as the CEC (by 28–45%). Additionally Qtot (by 19–32%), SCD (by 26–46%), root length (by 12–80%), and shoot mass (by 43–81%) all decreased. The increases in S and decreases in the number of strongly acidic groups, CEC, Qtot, and SCD in response to soil compaction were less pronounced in coarse-grained maize than in all remaining small-grained cereals. However, the decreases in root length and shoot mass were the highest in maize. The decline in negative surface charge due to soil compaction is attributed to the cell wall structure deformation and lower production and outflow of the acidic groups from the cell interior and lesser quantity of charged root hairs. These results imply the need to consider the root surface charge properties along with root growth traits while studying nutrient uptake from compacted soil.

Document Type: Article
Keywords: Cereal roots Cation exchange capacity Total surface charge Surface area Charge density
Research affiliation: Kiel University > Kiel Marine Science
OceanRep > The Future Ocean - Cluster of Excellence
Kiel University
Refereed: Yes
Open Access Journal?: No
Publisher: Elsevier
Projects: Future Ocean
Date Deposited: 18 Jan 2018 10:16
Last Modified: 08 Apr 2019 09:58
URI: https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/41608

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