The organotin compounds trimethyltin (TMT) and triethyltin (TET) but not tributyltin (TBT) induce activation of microglia co-cultivated with astrocytes.

Rohl, C., Grell, M. and Maser, Edmund (2009) The organotin compounds trimethyltin (TMT) and triethyltin (TET) but not tributyltin (TBT) induce activation of microglia co-cultivated with astrocytes. Toxicology In Vitro, 23 (8). pp. 1541-1547. DOI 10.1016/j.tiv.2009.04.013.

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Abstract

The organotin compounds trimethyltin (TMT), triethyltin (TET) and tributyltin (TBT) show different organotoxicities in vivo. While TMT and TET induce a strong neurotoxicity accompanied by microglial and astroglial activation, TBT rather effects the immune system. Previously, we have shown in an in vitro co-culture model that microglial cells can be activated by TMT in the presence of astrocytes.In this study, we wanted to investigate (a) if the neurotoxic organotin compound TET can also activate microglial cells in vitro similar to TMT and (b) if differences between the neurotoxicants TMT and TET on the one side and TBT on the other exist concerning microglial activation. Therefor, purified microglial and astroglial cell cultures from neonatal rat brains were treated either alone or in co-cultures for 24 h with different concentrations of TMT. TET or TBT and the basal cytotoxicity and nitric oxide formation was determined. Furthermore, morphological changes of astrocytes were examined. Our results show that microglial activation can be increased in subcytolethal concentrations, but only in the presence of astrocytes and not in microglial cell cultures alone. This increase was induced by the neurotoxicants TMT and TET but not by TBT.
Taken together, the differing microglia activating effect of the organotin compounds may contribute to the differing neurotoxic potential of this group of chemicals in vivo. In addition, our results emphasize the need for co-culture systems when studying interactions between different cell types for toxicity assessment. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Document Type: Article
Additional Information: Sp. Iss. SI526GV
Keywords: microgliaastrocytes organotin compounds inflammation cell interactions neurotoxicity necrosis-factor-alpha in-vitro messenger-rna glial-cells cultures glutamate neurotoxicity expression toxicity proteins
Research affiliation: OceanRep > The Future Ocean - Cluster of Excellence
Kiel University
Refereed: Yes
Open Access Journal?: No
Publisher: Elsevier
Projects: Future Ocean
Date Deposited: 11 Feb 2011 12:16
Last Modified: 29 Jul 2019 05:56
URI: https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/9676

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