Kieler Meeresforschung zur Kaiserzeit: Zum Leben und Werk von Otto Krümmel (1854-1917).

Kortum, Gerhard and Ulrich, Johannes (2005) Kieler Meeresforschung zur Kaiserzeit: Zum Leben und Werk von Otto Krümmel (1854-1917). Open Access Historisch-Meereskundliches Jahrbuch, 11 . pp. 141-156.

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Abstract

150 years ago Otto Krümmel was born in Exin (Western Prussia, today Poland). He studied geography and geology at the universities of Göttingen, Leipzig and Berlin. In 2004, 150 years after his birth, the IFM-GEOMAR Leibniz Institute of Marine Sciences in Kiel organized an exhibition presenting manuscripts, letters, books and some of the few personal items that have survived the times to the general public. Today only a few students of marine sciences are aware of the fact that it was Otto Krümmel who established oceanography (in the general framework of geography) as an academic discipline at the university of Kiel. Because of his early interests in marine sciences and publications he was appointed professor of geography in Kiel in 1884 . He joined V. Hensen’s Plankton-Expedition on board the „National“ and wrote the narrative and the geophysical parts of this first Kiel blue water enterprise. He became a member of the Royal Prussian Commission for Investigations in the German Seas and was one of the German representatives for ICES from 1899 onward. He did much of the planning for the construction of the research vessel „Poseidon“ and organized the annual monitoring cruises in the North Sea and the Baltic. Although mainly occupied with many duties as professor of geography at the university of Kiel for 27 years. Krümmel was head of the physical division of the new International Laboratory in Kiel. He developed new instruments as well, such as a new sampler and advanced aerometers. Furthermore he was one of the initiators of the GEBCO-Project (first edition of the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans: Monaco 1904). So Krümmel was part of the international marine sciences network that developed at that time. Most of Krümmel’s more than one hundred publications are about marine matters, such as tides, ocean currents and morphology of the sea floor. His most important work „Handbuch der Ozeanographie“ (2 vols. 1907/11) remained a standard reference work for a long time.

Document Type: Article
Keywords: Marine research; Marine sciences; Oceanography, history; Kiel; German Empire
Research affiliation: OceanRep > Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften
Refereed: No
Open Access Journal?: Yes
Publisher: Deutsches Meeresmuseum
Projects: Archiv Kieler Meeresforschung
Date Deposited: 13 Mar 2014 11:28
Last Modified: 18 Jan 2017 10:53
URI: https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/23772

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