First record of the non-indigenous jellyfish Blackfordia virginica (Mayer, 1910) in the Baltic Sea.

Jaspers, Cornelia , Huwer, Bastian, Weiland-Bräuer, Nancy and Clemmesen, Catriona (2018) First record of the non-indigenous jellyfish Blackfordia virginica (Mayer, 1910) in the Baltic Sea. Open Access Helgoland Marine Research, 72 (1). Art.Nr. 13. DOI 10.1186/s10152-018-0513-7.

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[thumbnail of Blackfordia virginica medusae (Mayer, 1910) presence/absence data from the Baltic Sea covering the years 2008 to 2017.] Text (Blackfordia virginica medusae (Mayer, 1910) presence/absence data from the Baltic Sea covering the years 2008 to 2017.)
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Abstract

Marine invasions are of increasing concern for biodiversity conservation worldwide. Gelatinous macrozooplankton contain members, which have become globally invasive, for example the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi or the hydromedusae Blackfordia virginica. B. virginica is characterised by a large salinity tolerance, with a brackish-water habitat preference, and by a metagenic life history strategy with an alternation between sexually reproducing planktonic medusae and asexually reproducing benthic polyps to complete the life cycle. In this study we analysed 8 years of ichthyoplankton survey data (2010–2017) from the Kiel Canal and 14 ichthyoplankton summer surveys in the central Baltic Sea (2008–2017). We report the first presence of B. virginica in northern Europe, namely from the southwestern Baltic Sea and the Kiel Canal. In the Kiel Canal, B. virginica was first sporadically sighted in 2014 and 2015 and has developed persistent populations since summer 2016. Changes in size-frequency distributions during summer 2016 indicate active recruitment in the Kiel Canal at salinities between 7 and 13 and temperatures > 14 °C. Close vicinity to and direct connection with the southwestern Baltic Sea, where B. virginica was observed during 2017, indicate that the Baltic Sea and other brackish-water habitats of Northern Europe are at risk for colonisation of this non-indigenous species. Our results highlight that monitoring activities should consider gelatinous macrozooplankton for standard assessments to allow for the detection of non-indigenous species at an early stage of their colonisation.

Document Type: Article
Keywords: Hydromedusa; Species translocations; Invasive species; Ballast water; Kiel Canal
Research affiliation: OceanRep > The Future Ocean - Cluster of Excellence > FO-R08
Kiel University > Kiel Marine Science
OceanRep > GEOMAR > FB3 Marine Ecology > FB3-EV Marine Evolutionary Ecology
OceanRep > The Future Ocean - Cluster of Excellence
OceanRep > The Future Ocean - Cluster of Excellence > FO-R01
Kiel University
Refereed: Yes
Open Access Journal?: Yes
Publisher: BioMed Central
Related URLs:
Projects: AQUASHIFT, SFB1182, RECONN, Future Ocean
Date Deposited: 16 Aug 2018 09:23
Last Modified: 19 Mar 2021 11:40
URI: https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/44020

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