Boyd, Philip, Vivian, Chris, Boettcher, Miranda, Chai, Fei, Cullen, John, Goeschl, Timo, Lampitt, Richard, Lenton, Andrew, Oschlies, Andreas , Rau, Greg, Rickaby, Ros, Ricke, Kate and Wanninghof, Rik and GESAMP Working Group 41 (2019) High Level Review of a Wide Range of Proposed Marine Geoengineering Techniques. . GESAMP Reports & Studies Series, 98 . International Maritime Organization, London, UK, 143 pp.

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Abstract

This report comprehensively examines a wide range o marine geoengineering techniques to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere or boost the reflection of incoming solar radiation to space (albedo modification) or in some cases both. Further, the report recommends a) that a coordinated framework for proposing marine geoengineering activities, submitting supporting evidence and integrating independent expert assessment must be developed and b) that a greater expertise on wider societal issues is sought with the aim to establish a knowledge base and provide a subsequent analysis of the major gaps in socio-economics and geopolitics.

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