Schmidt, Katja, Paul, Sophie A. L. and Achterberg, Eric P. (2022) Assessing the availability of trace metals and rare earth elements in deep ocean waters of the Clarion-Clipperton Zone, NE Pacific: Application of an in situ DGT passive sampling method. TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 155 . Art.Nr. 116657. DOI 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116657.

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Abstract

Highlights

• First successful in situ DGT application in the deep ocean.
• DGT-lability of dissolved (<0.2 μm) Cu, Ni, Cd, Mn, As, V, REY differs depending on chemical speciation.
• REY in deep ocean water can be almost quantitatively assessed with DGT.
• Low Cu availability reflects dominating organic speciation.

Abstract

Geochemical behaviour and bio-availability of trace metals are closely related to their physical fractionation and chemical speciation. The DGT speciation technique allows the challenging assessment of labile concentrations of Mn, Cd, Cu, Ni, V, As, and REY in ocean waters. In this first deep-water in situ study of DGT-lability, we demonstrate the approach in bottom waters of the Clarion-Clipperton Zone in the central NE Pacific. In the dissolved fraction (<0.2 μm), 70% to 100% of Cd, Ni, V, and REY, but only 25% of Cu and less than 50% of As were determined, reflecting their prevailing dominance of organic vs. inorganic complexation. This study demonstrates the applicability and sensitivity of DGT-passive samplers for trace metals as a suitable technique in monitoring of anthropogenic activities, such as deep seabed mining, as well as for natural process studies in abyssal environments.

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