Antoine, T. E., Hadigal, S. R., Yakoub, A. M., Mishra, Y. K., Bhattacharya, P., Haddad, C., Valyi-Nagy, T., Adelung, Rainer, Prabhakar, B. S. and Shukla, D. (2016) Intravaginal Zinc Oxide Tetrapod Nanoparticles as Novel Immunoprotective Agents against Genital Herpes. Journal of Immunology, 196 (11). pp. 4566-4575. DOI 10.4049/jimmunol.1502373.

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Abstract

Virtually all efforts to generate an effective protection against the life-long, recurrent genital infections caused by HSV-2 have failed. Apart from sexual transmission, the virus can also be transmitted from mothers to neonates, and it is a key facilitator of HIV coacquisition. In this article, we uncover a nanoimmunotherapy using specially designed zinc oxide tetrapod nanoparticles (ZOTEN) with engineered oxygen vacancies. We demonstrate that ZOTEN, when used intravaginally as a microbicide, is an effective suppressor of HSV-2 genital infection in female BALB/c mice. The strong HSV-2 trapping ability of ZOTEN significantly reduced the clinical signs of vaginal infection and effectively decreased animal mortality. In parallel, ZOTEN promoted the presentation of bound HSV-2 virions to mucosal APCs, enhancing T cell-mediated and Ab-mediated responses to the infection, and thereby suppressing a reinfection. We also found that ZOTEN exhibits strong adjuvant-like properties, which is highly comparable with alum, a commonly used adjuvant. Overall, to our knowledge, our study provides the very first evidence for the protective efficacy of an intravaginal microbicide/vaccine or microbivac platform against primary and secondary female genital herpes infections.

Document Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Times Cited: 4 Antoine, Thessicar E. Hadigal, Satvik R. Yakoub, Abraam M. Mishra, Yogendra Kumar Bhattacharya, Palash Haddad, Christine Valyi-Nagy, Tibor Adelung, Rainer Prabhakar, Bellur S. Shukla, Deepak
Research affiliation:	Kiel University > Kiel Marine Science OceanRep > The Future Ocean - Cluster of Excellence
Refereed:	Yes
Open Access Journal?:	No
Publisher:	The American Association of Immunolists
Projects:	Future Ocean
Date Deposited:	09 Mar 2017 11:24
Last Modified:	20 Aug 2019 08:59
URI:	https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/35999

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