Stroncik-Treue, Nicole A. (2000) Low-temperature alteration of mafic volcanic glasses - chemical evolution, mass-balancing and kinetics. (PhD/ Doctoral thesis), Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Kiel, Germany, III, 131 pp.

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Abstract

Natural waters mainly obtain their chemical composition through chemical reactions with the surrounding rock body (Maynard 1976; Stumm and Morgan 1996). Therefore, the process of rock alteration in general can be considered as one of the most significant earth surface processes. The alteration of volcanic glasses in special has become a topic of major interest during the last three decades for a number of reasons: (1) bentonite deposits formed by alteration of glassy pyroclastites are of economic importance (Grim and Güven 1978); (2) glass alteration processes are used as a natural analogue for modelling the long-term behaviour of nuclear waste glasses (Lutze 1985); (3) glass alteration is proposed as a process in the formation of constituents of Martian regolith fines (Bell et al. 1991; Allen 1997). Volcanic glasses not only are a major component of the upper oceanic crust, they also form large hyaloclastite bodies in marine and terrestrial environments. Also, because of their thermodynamic instability, volcanic glasses are more reactive than associated primary mineral assemblages. Thus, the initial element flux during alteration of glass-bearing volcanic deposits is a consequence of the interaction between glass and aqueous solutions.

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