Palm, Harry (1992) Identifizierung und Quantifizierung von Bandwurmlarven bei Fischen aus verschiedenen Regionen des Atlantiks. (Diploma thesis), Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany, 120 pp.

Text Dipl. 1992 Palm,H.pdf - Reprinted Version Restricted to Registered users only Download (8MB) | Contact

Abstract

A total of 1956 fishes of 107 species from 3 regions of the Atlantic ocean were examined for larval cestodes and an identification key for larval cestodes of the order Trypanorhyncha is presented. Two species of pseudophyllid larvae were found in 5 out of 11 fish species (n=330) from the Weddell-Sea (Antarctic). Glandicephalus perfoliatus infested Chionodraco myersi (88 %), Cryodraco antarcticus (100 %), Pagetopsis maculatus (10 %) and Trematomus eulepidotus (12 %), while Diphyllobothrium sp. occurred only in Trematomus scotti (1,5 %). Nine different trypanorhynchid larval cestodes could be isolated from 14 out of 44 examined fish species (n= l120) from the Gulf of Guinea (Nigeria): Nybelinia dakari (Pomadasys peroteti (2,6 %)), Otobothrium cysticum (Arius latiscutatus (3,8); Caranx senegallus (40 %); Cynoponticus ferox (20 %); Psettias sebae (62,9 %); Pseudotolithus brachygnathus (8,6 %); P. elongatus (56 %); P. typus (19,4 %); Sphyraena guachancho (40 %)), Otobothrium dipsacum ( Petrocephalus bane (4,3 % ), Otobothrium sp. (Stroma teus fiatola (100 %)), Poecilancistrium caryophyllum (Pseudotolithus senegalensis (4,8 %)), Pseudogrillotia perelica nov. comb. (Caranx senegallus (81,8 %)), Pterobothrium sp. (Galeoides decadactylus (3,2 %)), Tetrarhynchobothriidae (Epinephelus aeneus (12,5 %)) and one unidentified trypanorhynchid larva from Galeoides decadactylus (3,2 %).
Two tetraphyllid and eight trypanorhynchid larval cestodes were found in 12 out of 52 fish species (n=506) from the north-east Brazilian coast: Calli tetrarhynchus qracilis (Caranx crysos (25 %); Harengula clupeola (33,3 %); Oligoplites palometa (14,3 %); Opisthonema oglinum (40 %); Scomberomorus maculatus (28,6 %); Selene vomer (20 %)), Lacistorhvnchus sp. (Haemulon aurolineatum (9,1 %), Pseudupeneus maculatus (83,3 %); Scomberomorus maculatus (14,3 %)), Nybelinia sp. I (Haemulon plumieri (10 %); Pseudupeneus maculatus (20 %); Selene vomer (20 %)), Nybelinia sp. II (Pseudupeneus maculatus (10 %)), Nybelinia sp. III (Pseudupeneus maculatus (10 %)), Otobothrium cysticum (Scomberomorus maculatus (42,9 %)), Otobothrium dipsacum (Pseudupeneus maculatus (16,7 %)), Rhinebothrium sp. (Gobionellus oceanicus (15,4 %)), Scolex pleuronectis (Hyporhamphus unifasciatus (6,7 %)) and one unidentified trypanorhynchid larva from Lutjanus analis (16,7 %). Lacistorhynchus sp. is supposed to be a new species. Plerocercoids of Pseudophyllids, Tetraphyllids and Trypanorhynchs are the predominant cestode larvae in marine fishes. They are mainly found in the body cavity of their intermediate fish hosts. However, Trypanorhynchs of the families Grillotiidae, Gymnorhynchidae, Lacistorhynchidae, Otobothriidae and Pterobothriidae are the most frequent findings in the muscle. In the present study, three larval trypanorhynch cestodes (Lacistorhynchus sp. (Lacistorhynchidae); Otobothrium sp. and Poecilancistrium caryophyllum (Otobothriidae) could be found in the muscle of the fish examined. The occurrence of larval cestodes in different regions of the Atlantic ocean depends on the distribution of their final hosts. In polar regions larval Pseudophyllidea (final hosts: seals, whales) are the dominant order, while Trypanorhyncha (final hosts: sharks, rays) occur mainly in the tropics. In contrast, all 3 orders (Pseudophyllidea, Tetraphyllidea, Trypanorhyncha) can be found in the boreal zone of the Atlantic. The distribution of larval cestodes which are potentionally pathogenic for man is limited to the polar and boreal zones. However, they occur with low prevalences and cause only little thread to the public health. In the tropics, even the consumption of raw fish bears no risk, because all isolated larval cestodes belonged to the order Trypanorhyncha, which use sharks and rays as their final hosts.

Actions (login required)

View Item