Neumann, Dietrich (1962) Die Analyse limitierender Ionenwirkungen bei Meeres- und Süsswassertieren mit Hilfe ökologischer, physiologischer und züchterischer Methoden. Kieler Meeresforschungen, 18 (3). pp. 38-54.

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Abstract

With the analysis of the ecologic-physiological differentiation of aquatic animals the question arises, to that extent - in addition to effects of salinity - the distribution of species is limited by the specific effect of certain ions or ionic ratios. Limiting ionic effects are to be expected in such extcrnal mediums, in which a species doesn't posess the necessary mechanisms for ionic regulation, in orcler to compensate either deficiency or excessive supply of certain ions and to keep a defined salt balance in its cells. As in the field two clifferently settled locations are always to be distinguishecl by several physiographical conditions, the describing ancl comparing ecological method is generally overcharged, in defining the limiting ionic effects without the aid of experimental researches. Results, which have been found by physiological und breeding methods, are permitting a view at the complex structure of the salt balance of animals. Within ecologic-physiological questioning these results thus allow conclusions concerning the conditions in the field. Together with measurements about active absorption of ions breeding experiments have shown the significant advantage, in testing the ionic effects in the course of the whole individual development, as well as the uptake of ions in connection with food. Researches performecl uptill now show that specific ionic effects limit the range of several fresh-water animals. Further more ionic effects may be stated in oligohaline brackish-waters as well as in inland saline waters and in few cases even in the sea as the effect of copper ions has proved.

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