Bange, Hermann W. , Arevalo-Martinez, Damian L. , Bikkina, Srinivas, Marandino, Christa A., Sarin, Manmohan, Tegtmeier, Susann and Valsala, Vinu (2024) Air-sea exchange and its impacts on biogeochemistry in the Indian Ocean. In: The Indian Octan and Its Role ln the Global Climate System. , ed. by Ummenhofer, Caroline and Hood, Raleigh R.. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands, pp. 329-350. ISBN 978-0-12-822698-8 DOI 10.1016/B978-0-12-822698-8.00010-X.

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Abstract

The exchange of trace gases across the ocean/atmosphere interface, as well as the deposition of atmospheric pollutants and aerosols, are key processes linking the biogeochemical cycles and biological processes in the ocean with atmospheric chemistry and climate. Here we summarize our knowledge about the distributions of long-lived trace gases (CO2, CH4, N2O), short-lived trace gases, and pollutants (dimethyl sulfide (DMS), isoprene, halocarbons, NOx, SO2, O3, and others), and aerosols in the Indian Ocean. In general, dissolved trace gases show a pronounced temporal and spatial variability, which is caused by the variability of both physical processes (e.g., coastal upwelling) and biological productivity. The distributions of pollutants and aerosols and their depositions to the sea surface are mainly driven by the monsoon system and the variability of their land sources. Nitrogen and iron-containing aerosols can significantly affect biological production in the surface layer of the open Indian Ocean.

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