Motiei, Asa (2014) Mytilus edulis associated bacteria Diversity and interactions based on bioactive molecules. (Master thesis), Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany, 54 pp.

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Abstract

The marine environment is a habitat for many unique microorganisms, which produce biologically active compounds. This study was undertaken to survey culturable heterotrophic bacteria associated with Mytilus edulis as one of the most abundant cultured mussel in the Baltic Sea, Germany, with the purpose to find novel bioactive substances produced by these bacteria and also to test isolates for their antimicrobial activities. A total of 116 strains were selected to be investigated phylogenetically by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Totally 14 genera belonging to 4 different classes including Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteriodetes were identified. The most bacteria were affiliated with Gammaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria, and a few also with Actinobacteria, Firmcutes and Bacteriodetes. 10 genera of Gram-negative bacteria including Achromobacter, Pseudomonas, Shewanella, Enterobacter, Rahnella, Vibrio, Listonella, Aeromonas, Stenotrophomonas and Algoriphagus and 4 genera of Gram-positive bacteria including, Bacillus, Rhodococcus, Microbacterium and Agromyces were detected. Bacterial strains affiliating to the genus Pseudomonas, Bacillus and Microbacterium were selected for further analysis in order to investigate their potential to produce bioactive substances. Three compounds assumed to be pyochelin, deoxyadenosin and 2, 4, 6-triacetylphloroglucinol produced by Pseudomonas sp. MB140 were dereplicated as well as heteroxanthin produced by Bacillus sp. MB028. The other substances produced by Bacillus sp. MB028 and Microbacterium sp. MB141, require further investigation and NMR analysis for identifying their chemical structure and properties. The most important antimicrobially active bacterium isolated from Mytilus edulis, was assigned to Pseudomonas veronoii (MB 140). The results of this study demonstrate that Mytilus edulis is a promising source for bacterial production of natural compounds.

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